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Waterproofing solution

Sympathetic waterproofing solution to historic structure

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Overview

The former Bradford Odeon Cinema, saved from demolition by a local campaign, has been transformed into an exciting music venue, newly named “Bradford Live”. Built in 1930, the cinema hosted famous acts like the Beatles and the Rolling Stones in the 1960s before being left derelict for 23 years.

The venue will feature a main auditorium, smaller spaces for corporate events, weddings, and graduations, and will host business conferences, awards ceremonies, comedy shows, and family entertainment.

Construction started in 2021, with many original features, such as the ballroom’s art deco ceiling, being restored.

Delta Registered Installers, Timberwise (UK) Ltd having worked with the main contractor previously, were called upon to give assistance on a dry rot outbreak and to design a custom, robust waterproofing solution for the large underground basement.

The scope of the project was to provide a Grade 3 environment to a large existing large basement which will feature multiple bars, toilets, seating areas along with further excavation for lift pits, etc.

This complex project required a specialist to provide an efficient, compliant, and future proof approach.

Methodology

Timberwise (UK) Ltd collaborated with architects and the project team to provide a straightforward, effective approach. Their waterproofing design ensured a robust and suitable system that integrated seamlessly with the structure, adhering to BS 8102:2022 standards, Approved Documents, and industry Best Practice Guidance. This design emphasised continuity, proper sequencing and installation, and future maintenance and serviceability.

Timberwise (UK) Ltd specified a Delta Type C system.  A Type C waterproofing system, or cavity drain membrane system (CDM), effectively manages water ingress by creating a drainage cavity within the structure, directing water to a sump and pump or external drain. Key benefits include flexibility for both new and existing properties, a ‘failsafe’ design that doesn’t rely on external barriers, and reversible installation suitable for historic buildings.  The system’s discreet internal finishing and under-cover installation allow work to proceed regardless of weather conditions and reduce susceptibility to minor installation defects compared to surface barriers.

Before installation of the Delta Type C system, all existing walls and new concrete slab were treated with Koster Polysil TG 500 anti-lime inhibiter to seal the surfaces and reduce the leaching of ‘free lime’ which could cause blockages behind the membranes.

Attention was given to all wall/floor junctions and fillet seals were created.   Angles are potential stress points for waterproofing systems.  These crack endangered areas require special attention.

Delta PT, a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) cavity drain membrane which features a plastic mesh welded to its dimpled surface, serves as an impermeable damp proofing base for plaster or shotcrete, and functions as a water control and drainage membrane.   Delta PT was securely fixed to the internal walls using specialist fixing plugs, with Delta MS20 installed to floors.

Below the floor membrane perimeter drainage channels were sited within rebates allowing for suitable drainage of any future water ingress and this being diverted to suitable discharge point (on this occasion a mechanical pump system).

To ensure the Type C system was fully maintainable, inspection ports were located at every major change of direction.

The basement drainage system features four Dual Delta Pumping Stations, each with an individual high level water alarm (HLA) and battery backup systems to keep pumps running in event of mains power outage.

All floors and drainage elements were tested to ensure these would drain as the system was designed and BS 8102:2022 requirements were met.

A new lift pit waterproofing detail has been integrated into the elevator system, featuring a preformed liner sandwiched between concrete, enabling lift engineers to drill internally without compromising the waterproofing system.

The need to service and maintain the drainage elements of type C waterproofing systems is paramount to long-term success.  Timberwise (UK) Ltd, incorporated inspection ports in the perimeter channel and installed the sump pump in a location that allows easy access for periodic servicing.

After the Type C System was installed the all-important final integrity testing was undertaken to exercise the waterproofing system in worst case scenario.

Products Used

  • Delta PT
  • Delta MS 20
  • Koster Polysil TG 500
  • Delta Tape/Cornerstrip
  • Delta Drainage Channel
  • Delta Packaged Pumping Stations
  • High Level Alarms
  • Battery Backups

Case Study Results

The former Bradford Odeon Cinema has been transformed from an unused derelict building back to its former glory for many theatrical and musical performances to be enjoyed once again.

The project was delivered on time and to budget.

The client was delighted with Timberwise (UK) Ltd’s ability to collaborate throughout the build process, adapting to phasing and sequencing to provide a robust waterproofing solution.         

 

Combination Waterproofing (Type A and C protection systems)

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Pre-Applied and Post-Applied Waterproofing – Delta Membranes

Type C, Cavity Drainage Waterproofing – Delta Membranes

Casestudies – Delta Membranes

Type A and Type C Waterproofing

Overview

The scope of this project was to offer a waterproofing solution to an early 19th century two storey, listed cottage sited in a conservation area of beautiful countryside in Scotland.

Delta Registered Installers, Structureseal Services Limited, were appointed to provide a guaranteed, cost-effective scheme that would comply with BS 8102:2022 (Protection of below ground structures against water ingress. Code of practice.).

For any structure below ground, either fully or partially, waterproofing is essential for protecting and preserving integrity.

BS 8102:2022 defines the three main methods of waterproofing protection as Type A (Barrier), Type B (Structurally Integral) and Type C (Drained).

A combination of two forms of waterproofing is preferred when designing a habitable space, often referred to as combination protection.   Where a combination of waterproofing protection is being used, the two systems should offer different performance characteristics to mitigate the risk of failure due to a common cause.

The specification and installation on the waterproofing protection will be influenced by the structure, ground conditions, along with the proposed use of the structure.  Continuity of the waterproofing protection is a further consideration when specifying a suitable scheme, along with compatibility of the different protection types which should be assessed in order to minimise the risks and negate the need for remedial measures.

Methodology

During design team meetings various revisions were made to the initially proposed waterproofing protection.  The structure required a new concrete slab which enabled the specification of Delta Amphibia, a Type A System and Delta Cavity Drainage Membranes, a Type C System.

Pre site inspections were carried out along with consultations with the customer, to ensure the waterproofing design not only meets BS 8102:2022 but also the client’s expectations.

The project was split into two phases:

Phase 1 – Installation of the Type A solution, Delta Amphibia.

Phase 2 – to install a secondary waterproofing system, such as the Delta Type C, Cavity Drainage System.

Phase 1

The 150mm ground slab was designed to the Structural Engineers details which included reinforcement where required.  The slab edge was reinforced to allow for a recess which would house the Delta Type C, perimeter drainage channel.

Prior to the concrete pour of the new structural slab, Delta Amphibia was specified as the primary waterproofing solution.  Delta Amphibia was installed vertically in a Type A, waterproofing application.

 

The unique properties of Delta Amphibia are achieved through four active layers – a watertight barrier, Reactive Core which allows Delta Amphibia to Self-Seal and Self-Heal in the event of accidental damage, an active barrier with the ability to Self-Seal at overlaps resisting lateral movement of water and a strong bonding layer.

Pre-applied bonded membranes are used to waterproof concrete in basements and below ground structures on the positive side (outside). They are installed before the reinforcement underneath a base slab and vertically on a soil retention system, or in a formwork.

Phase 2

Prior to the installation of the Type C System, to reduce the risk of free lime leaching out from the new concrete slab (during the curing process), Koster Polysil TG 500 was applied.

After ensuring the structure was water watertight Delta MS 500 cavity drained membrane was installed to the walls.

Cavity Drained Systems manage water penetration, Delta drainage channel, a water collection conduit designed to discharge water ingress was bedded into a preformed recess/gully at the floor/wall junction with incorporated inspection and maintenance points to comply with BS8102:2022.

Prior to the installation of Delta MS20 membrane, the basement slab was thoroughly flood tested.

All installed with great dealing and expertise.

Related Products

  • Delta Amphibia
  • Delta Amphibia Safety Tape
  • Delta Amphibia Lap Seal
  • Delta MS 500
  • Delta MS 20
  • Koster Polysil TG 500
  • Delta Channel and associated inspection ports

Case Study Results

Delivered on time and to budget!

Delta Registered Installers, Structureseal Services Limited were able to confidently recommend, design and install a comprehensive waterproofing solution that will protect this property from unwanted water ingress for the life cycle of the structure.

Brooke House – Waterproofing Multi-Level Luxury Residential Basement

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Overview

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The scope of the project was to facilitate a combined waterproofing solution for a 2,000m² luxurious subterranean space which includes a double-level basement that will accommodate a cinema room, spa wing and swimming pool, changing, and screening rooms, servery, storage & laundry wing, plant rooms and other accommodation.

Delta Registered Installers, Knowles were appointed as principal contactor to collaborate with the architects to fulfil the role of Waterproofing Design Specialists in providing a reliable, watertight solution for this £100m project.

Knowles created combination waterproofing design which was both compliant with British Standard 8102:2009 2009 ‘Code of Practice for Protection of Below Ground Structures Against Water from the Ground’.

Combination waterproofing systems can offer optimal structural protection against water ingress.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Some designers will specify two forms of waterproofing.  These specifications “combination” Types A, B & C systems to achieve the desired waterproofing performance and to meet requirements of BS8102:2009.  It is always prudent to source these systems, if possible, from a sole source supplier, as this factor will dramatically in reducing risks associated with compatibility of products and assists with technical design issues.

Combination systems are an ideal solution for convoluted/difficult shapes to waterproof and provide continuity of waterproofing design.

In this instance, Knowles suggested a robust solution consisting of Types A, B and C waterproofing for a total risk averse solution.

The project required Grade 3 protection – No dampness or water penetration is acceptable.

Methodology

Delta Registered Installers, Knowles are a leading construction company, specialising in super-prime residential and commercial schemes.  Specialists in complex projects, Knowles deliver projects from concept to completion, including shell and core, subterranean, superstructure and fine finishes.

With many new basement projects, the basement is phased and constructed during the start of the build process.  Knowles with ease overcome issues encountered during the excavation and tolerances with 30,000m³ of rock and soil being removed to build an open cut basement.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Between the design concept phase and construction, changes were needed to the initial waterproofing design.  In limiting the impact of these design changes on project cost and identifying actions required, Delta were on hand.  David J. Symes, Delta’s Co-Managing Director attended design meetings and supplied strategies for suitable resolution.

In addition to our Type A and C waterproofing systems, David was delighted to introduce to Knowles our new (Type B) watertight concrete additive, Koster BDM.  Koster BDM had previously been used in Europe and extensively in other countries.  Koster BDM is a ccrystallizing integral waterproofing additive for concrete and was supplied for a volume of 3000m³ of waterproof concrete poured over a period of 12 months. The tallest walls were required at 6.750m x 0.5m thick, with the largest spanning slab 10,700m².

Waterproofing concrete offers structures numerous benefits such as strengthening the structure (waterproof concrete lets in less moisture, causing fewer cracks, which means it is less vulnerable to the elements), whilst reducing maintenance costs, all designed to BSEN1992 Euro code 3.

Prior to the pour of the concrete slab, Delta DualProof was utilised.  DualProof is a pre-applied, fully, and permanently bonded, composite sheet waterproofing membrane, consisting of a special non-woven Fibre-Tex fleece co-extruded with a highly flexible PVC membrane designed for use with structural reinforced concrete.  Freshly poured concrete is embedded completely into the special designed and developed fleece, creating a unique and permanent mechanical bond.

For the vertical waterproofing, Koster Deuxan2C was expertly spray applied by Knowles. The waterproofing layer was then protected with Delta Geo Drain Quattro, prior to backfilling, which is a combined drainage and protection layer, capable of a loading of 40 metric tonnes.

Delta’s Type C system was used internally, providing negative side waterproofing.

Prior to the installation of the Type C System, all new concrete was treated with Koster Polysil TG 500 to prevent the leaching of free lime, with all construction joints sealed using Koster Repair Mortar Plus.  In a full belts and bridges approach, Knowles applied a closed layer of Koster NB 1 sealing slurry to prevent migratory dampness.

Delta’s MS 500 membrane was applied to all vertical earth retained elevations, linked between intermediate level slabs via a concrete bund incorporating Delta drainage channels which was piped from upper to lower level via vertical pipes, with the all-important inspection ports added at approx. 8Lm intervals to ensure that the drainage aspects are fully maintainable and in accordance with BS 8102:2009.

Delta MS 20 membrane, which has a 20mm studded profile for greater drainage capacity, was used across the lower basement ground bearing slab, with the Delta perimeter channel incorporated to provide a suitable drainage solution which led to Delta bespoke sump pumps.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Delta provided a range of bespoke sump chambers to complement the internal Type C Waterproofing solution, all with our latest WIFI enabled high water level alarm which offers predictive maintenance and battery back-up systems to provide 24/7 remote monitoring, acting as a virtual engineer on site, reducing the requirement to conduct unnecessary servicing and reducing the structures carbon footprint.

The range of Delta products used in conjunction with Knowles expertise was extensive and includes:

Products used:

  • Delta MS20
  • Delta MS 500
  • Delta Geo-Drain Quattro
  • Koster Deuxan 2C
  • Delta DualProof
  • Delta Drainage channels & connectors
  • Koster NB 1 Grey
  • Koster SB Bonding Emulsion
  • Delta Dual V4 Submersible pump stations
  • Koster Micro Grout
  • Koster BDM

Case Study Results

Delta’s site services team delivering an exceptional quality assurance and training service throughout.

Knowles have provided a complete bespoke watertight solution following the guidelines set out in BS 8102:2009, with all works undertaken to a high standard and delivered on time, despite changes to the waterproofing design.

Delta is privileged to have been involved in this phenomenal project, in the words of David J. Symes “In my opinion a serious feat of engineering.”

 

 

Free Lime Inspections made easy with clever New Yellow Channel

Building Products Index Ltd Building Drainage, Drainage Leave a Comment

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yellow channel 3Delta Membrane Systems Limited – today launch an entirely new product line designed to make channel inspections easier.

With Delta’s new yellow channel ‘free lime’ can easily be identified and treated. Free lime is white in appearance and, with Delta’s new yellow channel this can easily be visualised during inspection.

Delta new yellow channel by a range of accessories such as Straight Connectors, Corner Pieces, T Pieces and Drainage Channel End Caps.

WHAT IS A CAVITY DRAIN SYSTEM?

Yellow_Channel_2A Cavity Drain Membrane System is a Type C Waterproofing solution. The concept of a Drained Cavity System is to collect and manage any ground water which breaches the integrity of a structure by managing, collecting and discharging such free water via a suitable evacuation point such as a Delta Package Pump Station.

WHAT IS CHANNEL?

Delta Channel is a water collection conduit designed to control water ingress in below ground applications.

WHAT IS FREE LIME?

In the form of calcium hydroxide (free lime). If untreated, this free lime can enter a cavity drainage system which can impede the flow of water and cause sump pump failure.

BS8102:2009

Delta_Yellow_Channel_4 copyThe British Standard for waterproofing BS8102:2009 recognises the requirement of a Type C Waterproofing System or Cavity Drain Membrane System to be maintainable. The use of inspection ports of a basement waterproofing design is key for maintenance or the ability to carry out periodic inspection.

ABOUT DELTA

Delta Membrane Systems Limited offers waterproofing solutions and systems. We are proudly the Leading manufacturer of Type C Cavity Drainage Systems in the United Kingdom.

yellow channel 12We eat, sleep and breathe waterproofing solutions. We represent Quality Products, Innovative Design and Solutions.

Striving for continuous industry improvements our out on the road, regionally based Technical Team act as part of your team, there to support you with any technical queries, training or just to offer advice and expertise on project requirements. Email technical@deltamembranes.com or call 01992 523 523.